Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Health, Education and Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008

These are the rules for the new Health, Education and Social Care Chamber which came into force on 3/11/08. The full text is available here and was last checked for accuracy on 16/11/22.

Consolidated version

• Consolidated version of HESC rules. Tribunal Procedure Committee, 'HESC Rules: consolidated version' (1/5/24) — This PDF document includes changes made to the original rules since 2008. Last updated 1/5/24.

Amendments

Various amendments have been made over the years. These are shown in the text below.

LEGISLATION DATABASE

Full text: Legislation.gov.uk

Type: UK Statutory Instrument🔍

Year: 2008🔍

Number: 2699

Subject: Tribunal legislation🔍

What links here:

• Tribunal Rules
• Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
• Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008
• Practice Direction: Health Education and Social Care Chamber: Mental Health Cases (30/10/08)
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2010
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2011
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2010
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2012
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2014
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2014
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2013
• Responsible authority
• PAA v SSHD [2019] UKUT 13 (IAC)
• Coronavirus Act 2020
• Tribunal Procedure (Coronavirus) (Amendment) Rules 2020
• Tribunal Procedure Committee, 'HESC Rules: consolidated version' (as in effect from 11/8/22)
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2015
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2017
• Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2022
• TPC, 'Consultation on possible amendments to the HESC Rules 2008 regarding proposed changes to the way that the FTT decides cases referred to the Tribunal pursuant to s68 MHA 1983' (consultation from 18/7/23 to 29/8/23)
• Annual Review 2023
• Tribunal Procedure Committee, 'HESC Rules: consolidated version' (1/5/24)
• TPC, 'Reply to two Consultations on possible amendments to the HESC Rules regarding proposed changes to the way that the FTT decides cases referred pursuant to s68' (1/8/24)

 

Explanatory note

Contents

Explanatory note

Preamble etc

PART 1: Introduction

1. Citation, commencement, application and interpretation

2. Overriding objective and parties’ obligation to co-operate with the Tribunal

3. Alternative dispute resolution and arbitration

PART 2: General powers and provisions

4. Delegation to staff

5. Case management powers

6. Procedure for applying for and giving directions

7. Failure to comply with rules etc.

8. Striking out a party’s case

9. Substitution and addition of parties

10. Orders for costs

11. Representatives

12. Calculating time

13. Sending and delivery of documents

14. Use of documents and information

15. Evidence and submissions

16. Summoning of witnesses and orders to answer questions or produce documents

17. Withdrawal

PART 3: Proceedings before the Tribunal other than in mental health cases

Not reproduced

PART 4: Proceedings before the Tribunal in mental health cases

Chapter 1: Before the hearing

31. Application of Part 4

32. Procedure in mental health cases

33. Notice of proceedings to interested persons

34. Medical examination of the patient

Chapter 2: Hearings

35. Restrictions on disposal of proceedings without a hearing

36. Entitlement to attend a hearing

37. Time and place of hearings

38. Public and private hearings

39. Hearings in a party’s absence

40. Power to pay allowances

Chapter 3: Decisions

41. Decisions

42. Provisional decisions

PART 5: Correcting, setting aside, reviewing and appealing Tribunal decisions

43. Interpretation

44. Clerical mistakes and accidental slips or omissions

45. Setting aside a decision which disposes of proceedings

46. Application for permission to appeal

47. Tribunal’s consideration of application for permission to appeal

48. Application for review in special educational needs cases

49. Review of a decision

50. Power to treat an application as a different type of application

SCHEDULE: Time limits for providing application notices and responses

Not reproduced.

Part 1 of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 (c.15) establishes a new tribunal structure comprising a First-tier Tribunal and an Upper Tribunal. Appeal functions of existing tribunals are being transferred to this structure and assigned to chambers within the new tribunals. These Rules govern the practice and procedure to be followed in the First-tier Tribunal in proceedings which have been allocated to the Health, Education and Social Care Chamber by the First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal (Chambers) Order 2008(29).

Part 1 contains provisions for interpreting and applying the Rules and sets out the overriding objective of the Rules.

Part 2 contains general powers and provisions including the Tribunal’s general case management powers, the giving of directions, the power to strike out a party’s case, the service of documents and rules about evidence, submissions and witnesses.

Part 3 contains provisions on starting proceedings and on responses and replies in cases other than mental health cases. It also makes provision for hearings and for decisions made by the Tribunal in those cases.

Part 4 contains provisions on starting proceedings and on statements by authorities in mental health cases. It also makes provision for hearings and for decisions made by the Tribunal in those cases.

Part 5 deals with correcting, setting aside, reviewing and appealing against Tribunal decisions.

Preamble etc

Made ... ... ... 9th October 2008

Laid before Parliament ... ... ... 15th October 2008

Coming into force ... ... ... 3rd November 2008

After consulting in accordance with paragraph 28(1) of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007(1), the Tribunal Procedure Committee has made the following Rules in exercise of the power conferred by sections 9(3), 22 and 29(3) and (4) of, and Schedule 5 to, that Act.

The Lord Chancellor has allowed the Rules in accordance with paragraph 28(3) of Schedule 5 to the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007.

Part 1: Introduction

Rule 1

Citation, commencement, application and interpretation

1.—(1) These Rules may be cited as the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Health, Education and Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008 and come into force on 3rd November 2008.

(2) These Rules apply to proceedings before the Tribunal which have been assigned to the Health, Education and Social Care Chamber by the First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal (Chambers) Order 2008.[These Rules apply to proceedings before the Health, Education and Social Care Chamber of the First-tier Tribunal.]

(3) In these Rules—

“the 2007 Act” means the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007;

“applicant” means a person who—

(a) starts Tribunal proceedings, whether by making an application, an appeal, a claim or a reference;

(b) makes an application to the Tribunal for leave to start such proceedings; or

(c) is substituted as an applicant under rule 9(1) (substitution and addition of parties);

“childcare provider” means a person who is a childminder or provides day care as defined in section 79A of the Children Act 1989[section 19 of the Children and Families (Wales) Measure 2010], or a person who provides childcare as defined in section 18 of the Childcare Act 2006;

“disability discrimination in schools case” means proceedings concerning disability discrimination in the education of a child [or young person] or related matters;

“dispose of proceedings” includes, unless indicated otherwise, disposing of a part of the proceedings;

“document” means anything in which information is recorded in any form, and an obligation under these Rules or any practice direction or direction to provide or allow access to a document or a copy of a document for any purpose means, unless the Tribunal directs otherwise, an obligation to provide or allow access to such document or copy in a legible form or in a form which can be readily made into a legible form;

[“health service case” means a case under the National Health Service Act 2006, the National Health Service (Wales) Act 2006, regulations made under either of those Acts, or regulations having effect as if made under either of those Acts by reason of section 4 of and Schedule 2 to the National Health Service (Consequential Provisions) Act 2006;”]

“Health, Education and Social Care Chamber” means the Health, Education and Social Care Chamber of the First-tier Tribunal established by the First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal (Chambers) Order 2008;

“hearing” means an oral hearing and includes a hearing conducted in whole or in part by video link, telephone or other means of instantaneous two-way electronic communication;

“legal representative” means an authorised advocate or authorised litigator as defined by section 119(1) of the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990[a person who, for the purposes of the Legal Services Act 2007, is an authorised person in relation to an activity which constitutes the exercise of a right of audience or the conduct of litigation within the meaning of that Act];

“mental health case” means proceedings brought under the Mental Health Act 1983 or paragraph 5(2) of the Schedule to the Repatriation of Prisoners Act 1984;

“nearest relative” has the meaning set out in section 26 of the Mental Health Act 1983;

“party” means—

(a) in a mental health case, the patient, the responsible authority, the Secretary of State (if the patient is a restricted patient or in a reference under rule 32(8) (seeking approval under section 86 of the Mental Health Act 1983)), and any other person who starts a mental health case by making an application;

(b) in any other case, a person who is an applicant or respondent in proceedings before the Tribunal or, if the proceedings have been concluded, a person who was an applicant or respondent when the Tribunal finally disposed of all issues in the proceedings;

“patient” means the person who is the subject of a mental health case;

“practice direction” means a direction given under section 23 of the 2007 Act;

“respondent” means—

(a) in an appeal against an order made by a justice of the peace under section 79K of the Children Act 1989[section 34 of the Children and Families (Wales) Measure 2010], section 20 of the Care Standards Act 2000 or section 72 of the Childcare Act 2006, the person who applied to the justice of the peace for the order;

(a) in an appeal against an order made by a justice of the peace, the person who applied to the justice of the peace for the order;

(b) in an appeal against any other decision, the person who made the decision;

(c) in proceedings on a claim under section 28I of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995, the body responsible for the school as determined in accordance with paragraph 1 of Schedule 4A to that Act or, if the claim concerns the residual duties of a local education authority under section 28F of that Act, that local education authority;

[(c) in proceedings on a claim brought under paragraph 3 of Schedule 17 to the Equality Act 2010(2) (disabled pupils: enforcement)—

(i) the local authority or the governing body, where the school concerned is a maintained school;

(ii) the proprietor, where the school concerned is an independent school;]

(d) in proceedings on an application under section 4(2) of the Protection of Children Act 1999 or section 86(2) of the Care Standards Act 2000, the Secretary of State; or

[(da) in an application for, or for a review of, a stop order under the National Health Service (Optical Charges and Payments) Regulations 1997—

(i) the supplier, where the Secretary of State is the applicant;

(ii) the Secretary of State, where the supplier is the applicant;

(db) in any other application under the National Health Service Act 2006 or regulations having effect as if made under that Act by reason of section 4 of and Schedule 2 to the National Health Service (Consequential Provisions) Act 2006[health service case]—

(i) the practitioner, performer or person against whom the application is made, where [a Primary Care Trust the National Health Service Commissioning Board] [or a Local Health Board] is, or is deemed to be, the applicant;

(ii) [the Primary Care Trust the National Health Service Commissioning Board] [or Local Health Board] that served the notice, obtained the order or confirmation of the order, where any other person is the applicant;]

[(dc) in an application under section 127(5) of the Education and Skills Act 2008, the Secretary of State; or]

(e) a person substituted or added as a respondent under rule 9 (substitution and addition of parties);

“responsible authority” means—

(a) in relation to a patient detained under the Mental Health Act 1983 in a hospital within the meaning of Part 2 of that Act, the managers (as defined in section 145 of that Act);

(b) in relation to a patient subject to guardianship, the responsible local social services authority (as defined in section 34(3) of the Mental Health Act 1983);

(c) in relation to a community patient, the managers of the responsible hospital (as defined in section 145 of the Mental Health Act 1983);

(d) in relation to a patient subject to after-care under supervision, the Primary Care Trust or Local Health Board which has the duty to provide after-care for the patient.

“restricted patient” has the meaning set out in section 79(1) of the Mental Health Act 1983;

[“special educational needs case” means proceedings concerning the education of a child who has or may have special educational needs; “special educational needs case” means proceedings concerning—

(a) an EHC needs assessment within the meaning of section 36(2) of the Children and Families Act 2014(27), or

[(aa) a detained person’s EHC needs assessment within the meaning of section 70(5) of the Children and Families Act 2014(3), or]

(b) an EHC plan within the meaning of section 37(2) of that Act,

of a child or young person who has or may have special educational needs;]

“Suspension Regulations” means regulations which provide for a right of appeal against a decision to suspend, or not to lift the suspension of, a person’s registration as a childcare provider;

“Tribunal” means the First-tier Tribunal;

“working day” means any day except a Saturday or Sunday, Christmas Day, Good Friday or a bank holiday under section 1 of the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971.[;

“young person” means, in relation to a special educational needs case or a disability discrimination in schools case, a person over compulsory school age but under 25;]

Amendments

Last updated: 16/11/22

Rule 2

Overriding objective and parties’ obligation to co-operate with the Tribunal

2.—(1) The overriding objective of these Rules is to enable the Tribunal to deal with cases fairly and justly.

(2) Dealing with a case fairly and justly includes—

(a) dealing with the case in ways which are proportionate to the importance of the case, the complexity of the issues, the anticipated costs and the resources of the parties;

(b) avoiding unnecessary formality and seeking flexibility in the proceedings;

(c) ensuring, so far as practicable, that the parties are able to participate fully in the proceedings;

(d) using any special expertise of the Tribunal effectively; and

(e) avoiding delay, so far as compatible with proper consideration of the issues.

(3) The Tribunal must seek to give effect to the overriding objective when it—

(a) exercises any power under these Rules; or

(b) interprets any rule or practice direction.

(4) Parties must—

(a) help the Tribunal to further the overriding objective; and

(b) co-operate with the Tribunal generally.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 3

Alternative dispute resolution and arbitration

3.—(1) The Tribunal should seek, where appropriate—

(a) to bring to the attention of the parties the availability of any appropriate alternative procedure for the resolution of the dispute; and

(b) if the parties wish and provided that it is compatible with the overriding objective, to facilitate the use of the procedure.

(2) Part 1 of the Arbitration Act 1996 does not apply to proceedings before the Tribunal.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Part 2: General powers and provisions

Rule 4

Delegation to staff

4.—(1) Staff appointed under section 40(1) of the 2007 Act (tribunal staff and services) [or section 2(1) of the Courts Act 2003 (court officers, staff and services)] may, with the approval of[if authorised by] the Senior President of Tribunals [under paragraph 3(3) of Schedule 5 to the 2007 Act], carry out functions of a judicial nature permitted or required to be done by the Tribunal.

(2) The approval referred to at paragraph (1) may apply generally to the carrying out of specified functions by members of staff of a specified description in specified circumstances.

(3) Within 14 days after the date on which the Tribunal sends notice of a decision made by a member of staff under paragraph (1) to a party, that party may apply in writing to the Tribunal for that decision to be considered afresh by a judge.

Amendments

Last updated: 16/11/22

Rule 5

Case management powers

5.—(1) Subject to the provisions of the 2007 Act and any other enactment, the Tribunal may regulate its own procedure.

(2) The Tribunal may give a direction in relation to the conduct or disposal of proceedings at any time, including a direction amending, suspending or setting aside an earlier direction.

(3) In particular, and without restricting the general powers in paragraphs (1) and (2), the Tribunal may—

(a) extend or shorten the time for complying with any rule, practice direction or direction, unless such extension or shortening would conflict with a provision of another enactment containing a time limit;

(b) consolidate or hear together two or more sets of proceedings or parts of proceedings raising common issues, or treat a case as a lead case;

(c) permit or require a party to amend a document;

(d) permit or require a party or another person to provide documents, information or submissions to the Tribunal or a party;

(e) deal with an issue in the proceedings as a preliminary issue;

(f) hold a hearing to consider any matter, including a case management issue;

(g) decide the form of any hearing;

(h) adjourn or postpone a hearing;

(i) require a party to produce a bundle for a hearing;

(j) stay proceedings;

(k) transfer proceedings to another court or tribunal if that other court or tribunal has jurisdiction in relation to the proceedings and—

(i) because of a change of circumstances since the proceedings were started, the Tribunal no longer has jurisdiction in relation to the proceedings; or

(ii) the Tribunal considers that the other court or tribunal is a more appropriate forum for the determination of the case; or

(l) suspend the effect of its own decision pending the determination by the Tribunal or the Upper Tribunal of an application for permission to appeal against, and any appeal or review of, that decision.

Footnote

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 5A

[Coronavirus temporary rule (decisions without a hearing)

5A.—(1) Notwithstanding anything in rule 22 (order that a school be regarded as not registered pending determination of an appeal), rule 23 (decision with or without a hearing), rule 35 (restrictions on disposal of proceedings without a hearing) or rule 37 (time and place of hearings), the Tribunal may make a decision which disposes of proceedings without a hearing if the Tribunal considers that the conditions in paragraph (2) are satisfied.

(2) The conditions are—

(a) the matter is urgent;

(b) it is not reasonably practicable for there to be a hearing (including a hearing where the proceedings would be conducted wholly or partly as video proceedings or audio proceedings); and

(c) it is in the interests of justice to do so.

(3) This rule does not prejudice any power of the Tribunal to make a decision which disposes of proceedings without a hearing otherwise than under this rule.]

Amendments

Last updated: 16/11/22. Legislation.gov.uk incorrectly has this rule as still in force.

Rule 6

Procedure for applying for and giving directions

6.—(1) The Tribunal may give a direction on the application of one or more of the parties or on its own initiative.

(2) An application for a direction may be made—

(a) by sending or delivering a written application to the Tribunal; or

(b) orally during the course of a hearing.

(3) An application for a direction must include the reason for making that application.

(4) Unless the Tribunal considers that there is good reason not to do so, the Tribunal must send written notice of any direction to every party and to any other person affected by the direction.

(5) If a party, or any other person given notice of the direction under paragraph (4), wishes to challenge a direction which the Tribunal has given, they may do so by applying for another direction which amends, suspends or sets aside the first direction.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 7

Failure to comply with rules etc.

7.—(1) An irregularity resulting from a failure to comply with any requirement in these Rules, a practice direction or a direction, does not of itself render void the proceedings or any step taken in the proceedings.

(2) If a party has failed to comply with a requirement in these Rules, a practice direction or a direction, the Tribunal may take such action as it considers just, which may include—

(a) waiving the requirement;

(b) requiring the failure to be remedied;

(c) exercising its power under rule 8 (striking out a party’s case);

(d) exercising its power under paragraph (3); or

(e) except in mental health cases, restricting a party’s participation in the proceedings.

(3) The Tribunal may refer to the Upper Tribunal, and ask the Upper Tribunal to exercise its power under section 25 of the 2007 Act in relation to, any failure by a person to comply with a requirement imposed by the Tribunal—

(a) to attend at any place for the purpose of giving evidence;

(b) otherwise to make themselves available to give evidence;

(c) to swear an oath in connection with the giving of evidence;

(d) to give evidence as a witness;

(e) to produce a document; or

(f) to facilitate the inspection of a document or any other thing (including any premises).

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 8

Striking out a party’s case

8.—(1) With the exception of paragraph (3), this rule does not apply to mental health cases.

(2) The proceedings, or the appropriate part of them, will automatically be struck out if the applicant has failed to comply with a direction that stated that failure by the applicant to comply with the direction would lead to the striking out of the proceedings or that part of them.

(3) The Tribunal must strike out the whole or a part of the proceedings if the Tribunal—

(a) does not have jurisdiction in relation to the proceedings or that part of them; and

(b) does not exercise its power under rule 5(3)(k)(i) (transfer to another court or tribunal) in relation to the proceedings or that part of them.

(4) The Tribunal may strike out the whole or a part of the proceedings if—

(a) the applicant has failed to comply with a direction which stated that failure by the applicant to comply with the direction could lead to the striking out of the proceedings or part of them;

(b) the applicant has failed to co-operate with the Tribunal to such an extent that the Tribunal cannot deal with the proceedings fairly and justly; or

(c) the Tribunal considers there is no reasonable prospect of the applicant’s case, or part of it, succeeding.

(5) The Tribunal may not strike out the whole or a part of the proceedings under paragraph (3) or (4)(b) or (c) without first giving the applicant an opportunity to make representations in relation to the proposed striking out.

(6) If the proceedings, or part of them, have been struck out under paragraph (2) or (4)(a), the applicant may apply for the proceedings, or part of them, to be reinstated.

(7) An application under paragraph (6) must be made in writing and received by the Tribunal within 28 days after the date on which the Tribunal sent notification of the striking out to that party.

(8) This rule applies to a respondent as it applies to an applicant except that—

(a) a reference to the striking out of the proceedings is to be read as a reference to the barring of the respondent from taking further part in the proceedings; and

(b) a reference to an application for the reinstatement of proceedings which have been struck out is to be read as a reference to an application for the lifting of the bar on the respondent from taking further part in the proceedings.

(9) If a respondent has been barred from taking further part in proceedings under this rule and that bar has not been lifted, the Tribunal need not consider any response or other submission made by that respondent [and may summarily determine any or all issues against that respondent.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 9

Substitution and addition of parties

9.—(1) The Tribunal may give a direction substituting a party if—

(a) the wrong person has been named as a party; or

(b) the substitution has become necessary because of a change in circumstances since the start of proceedings.

(2) The Tribunal may give a direction adding a person to the proceedings as a respondent.

(3) If the Tribunal gives a direction under paragraph (1) or (2) it may give such consequential directions as it considers appropriate.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 10

Orders for costs

10.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Tribunal may make an order in respect of costs only—

(a) under section 29(4) of the 2007 Act (wasted costs) [and costs incurred in applying for such costs]; or

(b) if the Tribunal considers that a party or its representative has acted unreasonably in bringing, defending or conducting the proceedings.

(2) The Tribunal may not make an order under paragraph (1)(b) in mental health cases.

(3) The Tribunal may make an order in respect of costs on an application or on its own initiative.

(4) A person making an application for an order under this rule must—

(a) send or deliver a written application to the Tribunal and to the person against whom it is proposed that the order be made; and

(b) send or deliver a schedule of the costs claimed with the application.

(5) An application for an order under paragraph (1) may be made at any time during the proceedings but may not be made later than 14 days after the date on which the Tribunal [sends the decision notice recording the decision which finally disposes of all issues in the proceedings. sends—

(a) a decision notice recording the decision which finally disposes of all issues in the proceedings; or

(b) notice under rule 17(6) that a withdrawal which ends the proceedings has taken effect.]

(6) The Tribunal may not make an order under paragraph (1) against a person (the “paying person”) without first—

(a) giving that person an opportunity to make representations; and

(b) if the paying person is an individual, considering that person’s financial means.

(7) The amount of costs to be paid under an order under paragraph (1) may be ascertained by—

(a) summary assessment by the Tribunal;

(b) agreement of a specified sum by the paying person and the person entitled to receive the costs (“the receiving person”); or

(c) assessment of the whole or a specified part of the costs [, including the costs of the assessment,] incurred by the receiving person, if not agreed.

(8) Following an order for assessment under paragraph (7)(c), the paying person or the receiving person may apply to a county court for a detailed assessment of costs in accordance with the Civil Procedure Rules 1998 on the standard basis or, if specified in the order, on the indemnity basis.

[(9) Upon making an order for the assessment of costs, the Tribunal may order an amount to be paid on account before the costs or expenses are assessed.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 11

Representatives

11.—(1) A party may appoint a representative (whether a legal representative or not) to represent that party in the proceedings.

[(1A) Where a child or young person is a party to proceedings, that child or young person may appoint a representative under paragraph (1).]

(2) If a party appoints a representative, that party (or the representative if the representative is a legal representative) must send or deliver to the Tribunal and to each other party written notice of the representative’s name and address.

(3) Anything permitted or required to be done by a party under these Rules, a practice direction or a direction may be done by the representative of that party, except—

(a) signing a witness statement; or

(b) signing an application notice under rule 20 (the application notice) if the representative is not a legal representative.

(4) A person who receives due notice of the appointment of a representative—

(a) must provide to the representative any document which is required to be provided to the represented party, and need not provide that document to the represented party; and

(b) may assume that the representative is and remains authorised as such until they receive written notification that this is not so from the representative or the represented party.

(5) At a hearing a party may be accompanied by another person whose name and address has not been notified under paragraph (2) but who, subject to paragraph (8) and with the permission of the Tribunal, may act as a representative or otherwise assist in presenting the party’s case at the hearing.

(6) Paragraphs (2) to (4) do not apply to a person who accompanies a party under paragraph (5).

(7) In a mental health case, if the patient has not appointed a representative, the Tribunal may appoint a legal representative for the patient where—

(a) the patient has stated that they do not wish to conduct their own case or that they wish to be represented; or

(b) the patient lacks the capacity to appoint a representative but the Tribunal believes that it is in the patient’s best interests for the patient to be represented.

(8) In a mental health case a party may not appoint as a representative, or be represented or assisted at a hearing by—

(a) a person liable to be detained or subject to guardianship [or after-care under supervision], or who is a community patient, under the Mental Health Act 1983; or

(b) a person receiving treatment for mental disorder at the same hospital as the patient.

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 12

Calculating time

12.—(1) An act required by these Rules, a practice direction or a direction to be done on or by a particular day must be done by 5pm on that day.

(2) If the time specified by these Rules, a practice direction or a direction for doing any act ends on a day other than a working day, the act is done in time if it is done on the next working day.

(3) In a special educational needs case [or a disability discrimination in schools case]—

(a) if the time for starting proceedings by providing the application notice to the Tribunal under rule 20 (the application notice) ends on a day from 25th December to 1st January inclusive, or on any day in August, the application notice is provided in time if it is provided to the Tribunal on the first working day after 1st January or 31st August, as appropriate; and

(b) the days from 25th December to 1st January inclusive and any day in August must not be counted when calculating the time by which any other act must be done.

[(3A) In a disability discrimination in schools case, the days from 25th December to 1st January inclusive and any day in August must not be counted when calculating the time by which any act must be done, other than the time for starting proceedings by providing the application notice to the Tribunal under rule 20 (the application notice).]

(4) [Paragraph (3)(b) does Paragraphs (3)(b) and (3A) do] not apply where the Tribunal directs that an act must be done by or on a specified date.

Amendments

Last updated: 16/11/22

Rule 13

Sending and delivery of documents

13.—(1) Any document to be provided to the Tribunal under these Rules, a practice direction or a direction must be—

(a) sent by pre-paid post or delivered by hand to the address specified for the proceedings;

(b) sent by fax to the number specified for the proceedings; or

(c) sent or delivered by such other method as the Tribunal may permit or direct.

[(1A) If the Tribunal permits or directs documents to be provided to it by email, the requirement for a signature on applications or references under rules 20(2), 22(4)(a) or 32(1)(b) may be satisfied by a typed instead of a handwritten signature.]

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), if a party provides a fax number, email address or other details for the electronic transmission of documents to them, that party must accept delivery of documents by that method.

(3) If a party informs the Tribunal and all other parties that a particular form of communication, other than pre-paid post or delivery by hand, should not be used to provide documents to that party, that form of communication must not be so used.

(4) If the Tribunal or a party sends a document to a party or the Tribunal by email or any other electronic means of communication, the recipient may request that the sender provide a hard copy of the document to the recipient. The recipient must make such a request as soon as reasonably practicable after receiving the document electronically.

(5) The Tribunal and each party may assume that the address provided by a party or its representative is and remains the address to which documents should be sent or delivered until receiving written notification to the contrary.

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 14

Use of documents and information

14.—(1) The Tribunal may make an order prohibiting the disclosure or publication of—

(a) specified documents or information relating to the proceedings; or

(b) any matter likely to lead members of the public to identify any person whom the Tribunal considers should not be identified.

(2) The Tribunal may give a direction prohibiting the disclosure of a document or information to a person if—

(a) the Tribunal is satisfied that such disclosure would be likely to cause that person or some other person serious harm; and

(b) the Tribunal is satisfied, having regard to the interests of justice, that it is proportionate to give such a direction.

(3) If a party (“the first party”) considers that the Tribunal should give a direction under paragraph (2) prohibiting the disclosure of a document or information to another party (“the second party”), the first party must—

(a) exclude the relevant document or information from any documents that will be provided to the second party; and

(b) provide to the Tribunal the excluded document or information, and the reason for its exclusion, so that the Tribunal may decide whether the document or information should be disclosed to the second party or should be the subject of a direction under paragraph (2).

(4) The Tribunal must conduct proceedings as appropriate in order to give effect to a direction given under paragraph (2).

(5) If the Tribunal gives a direction under paragraph (2) which prevents disclosure to a party who has appointed a representative, the Tribunal may give a direction that the documents or information be disclosed to that representative if the Tribunal is satisfied that—

(a) disclosure to the representative would be in the interests of the party; and

(b) the representative will act in accordance with paragraph (6).

(6) Documents or information disclosed to a representative in accordance with a direction under paragraph (5) must not be disclosed either directly or indirectly to any other person without the Tribunal’s consent.

(7) Unless the Tribunal gives a direction to the contrary, information about mental health cases and the names of any persons concerned in such cases must not be made public.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 15

Evidence and submissions

15.—(1) Without restriction on the general powers in rule 5(1) and (2) (case management powers), the Tribunal may give directions as to—

(a) issues on which it requires evidence or submissions;

(b) the nature of the evidence or submissions it requires;

(c) whether the parties are permitted or required to provide expert evidence, and if so whether the parties must jointly appoint a single expert to provide such evidence;

(d) any limit on the number of witnesses whose evidence a party may put forward, whether in relation to a particular issue or generally;

(e) the manner in which any evidence or submissions are to be provided, which may include a direction for them to be given—

(i) orally at a hearing; or

(ii) by written submissions or witness statement; and

(f) the time at which any evidence or submissions are to be provided.

(2) The Tribunal may—

(a) admit evidence whether or not—

(i) the evidence would be admissible in a civil trial in England and Wales; or

(ii) the evidence was available to a previous decision maker; or

(b) exclude evidence that would otherwise be admissible where—

(i) the evidence was not provided within the time allowed by a direction or a practice direction;

(ii) the evidence was otherwise provided in a manner that did not comply with a direction or a practice direction; or

(iii) it would otherwise be unfair to admit the evidence.

(3) The Tribunal may consent to a witness giving, or require any witness to give, evidence on oath, and may administer an oath for that purpose.

(4) In a special educational needs case the Tribunal may require—

(a) the parents of the child, or any other person with care of the child or parental responsibility for the child (as defined in section 3 of the Children Act 1989), to make the child available for examination or assessment by a suitably qualified professional person; or

(b) the person responsible for a school or educational setting to allow a suitably qualified professional person to have access to the school or educational setting for the purpose of assessing the child or the provision made, or to be made, for the child.

(5) The Tribunal may consider a failure by a party to comply with a requirement made under paragraph (4), in the absence of any good reason for such failure, as a failure to co-operate with the Tribunal, which could lead to a result which is adverse to that party’s case.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 16

Summoning of witnesses and orders to answer questions or produce documents

16.—(1) On the application of a party or on its own initiative, the Tribunal may—

(a) by summons require any person to attend as a witness at a hearing at the time and place specified in the summons; or

(b) order any person to answer any questions or produce any documents in that person’s possession or control which relate to any issue in the proceedings.

(2) A summons under paragraph (1)(a) must—

(a) give the person required to attend 14 days’ notice of the hearing, or such shorter period as the Tribunal may direct; and

(b) where the person is not a party, make provision for the person’s necessary expenses of attendance to be paid, and state who is to pay them.

(3) No person may be compelled to give any evidence or produce any document that the person could not be compelled to give or produce on a trial of an action in a court of law.

(4) A summons or order under this rule must—

(a) state that the person on whom the requirement is imposed may apply to the Tribunal to vary or set aside the summons or order, if they have not had an opportunity to object to it; and

(b) state the consequences of failure to comply with the summons or order.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 17

Withdrawal

17.—(1) Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a party may give notice of the withdrawal of its case, or any part of it—

(a) [at any time before a hearing to consider the disposal of the proceedings (or, if the Tribunal disposes of the proceedings without a hearing, before that disposal),] by sending or delivering to the Tribunal a written notice of withdrawal; or

(b) orally at a hearing.

(2) Notice of withdrawal will not take effect unless the Tribunal consents to the withdrawal except—

(a) in proceedings concerning the suitability of a person to work with children or vulnerable adults; [or]

(b) in proceedings started by a reference under section 67 or 71(1) of the Mental Health Act 1983[.; or

(c) where a local authority notifies the Tribunal before the expiry of the time limit for submitting a response that it will not oppose the appeal in a special educational needs case.]

(3) A party which started a mental health case by making a reference to the Tribunal under section 68, 71(2) or 75(1) of the Mental Health Act 1983 may not withdraw its case.

(4) A party which has withdrawn its case may apply to the Tribunal for the case to be reinstated.

(5) An application under paragraph (4) must be made in writing and be received by the Tribunal within 28 days after—

(a) the date on which the Tribunal received the notice under paragraph (1)(a); or

(b) the date of the hearing at which the case was withdrawn orally under paragraph (1)(b).

(6) The Tribunal must notify each party in writing [of a withdrawal that a withdrawal has taken effect] under this rule.

[(7) Where a local authority has notified the Tribunal before the expiry of the time limit for submitting a response that it will not oppose the appeal in a special educational needs case, the notice under paragraph (6) must state the date on which the Tribunal was so notified.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Part 3: Proceedings before the Tribunal other than in mental health cases

Not reproduced.

Chapter 1: Before the hearing

Rule 31

Application of Part 4

31. This Part applies only to mental health cases.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 32

Procedure in mental health cases

32.—(1) An application or reference must be—

(a) made in writing;

(b) signed (in the case of an application, by the applicant or any person authorised by the applicant to do so); and

(c) sent or delivered to the Tribunal so that it is received within the time specified in the Mental Health Act 1983 or the Repatriation of Prisoners Act 1984.

(2) An application must, if possible, include—

(a) the name and address[name, address and date of birth] of the patient;

(b) if the application is made by the patient’s nearest relative, the name, address and relationship to the patient of the patient’s nearest relative;

(c) the provision under which the patient is detained, liable to be detained, subject to guardianship, [or] a community patient or subject to after-care under supervision;

(d) whether the person making the application has appointed a representative or intends to do so, and the name and address of any representative appointed;

(e) the name and address of the responsible authority in relation to the patient.

[(2A) A reference must, if possible, include—

(a) the name and address of the person or body making the reference;

(b) the name, address and date of birth of the patient;

(c) the name and address of any representative of the patient;

(d) the provision under which the patient is detained, liable to be detained, subject to guardianship or a community patient (as the case may be);

(e) whether the person or body making the reference has appointed a representative or intends to do so, and the name and address of any representative appointed;

(f) if the reference is made by the Secretary of State, the name and address of the responsible authority in relation to the patient, or, in the case of a conditionally discharged patient, the name and address of the responsible clinician and any social supervisor in relation to the patient.]

(3) Subject to rule 14(2) (withholding evidence likely to cause harm), when the Tribunal receives a document from any party it must send a copy of that document to each other party.

(4) If the patient is a conditionally discharged patient (as defined in the Mental Health Act 1983) the Secretary of State must send or deliver a statement containing the information and documents required by the relevant practice direction to the Tribunal so that it is received by the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event within 6 weeks after the Secretary of State received a copy of the application or a request from the Tribunal.

(5) In proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 (application for admission for assessment), on the earlier of receipt of the copy of the application or a request from the Tribunal, the responsible authority must send or deliver to the Tribunal—

(a) the application for admission;

(b) the medical recommendations on which the application is founded;

(c) such of the information specified in the relevant practice direction as is within the knowledge of the responsible authority and can reasonably be provided in the time available; and

(d) such of the documents specified in the relevant practice direction as can reasonably be provided in the time available.

(6) If paragraph (4) or (5) does not apply, the responsible authority must send or deliver a statement containing the information and documents required by the relevant practice direction to the Tribunal so that it is received by the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event within 3 weeks after the responsible authority received a copy of the application or reference.

(7) If the patient is a restricted patient the responsible authority must also send the statement under paragraph (6) to the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of State must send a statement of any further relevant information to the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event—

(a) in proceedings under section 75(1) of the Mental Health Act 1983, within 2 weeks after the Secretary of State received the relevant authority’s statement; or

(b) otherwise, within 3 weeks after the Secretary of State received the relevant authority’s statement.

[(4) If the patient is a conditionally discharged patient—

(a) upon being notified by the Tribunal of an application, the Secretary of State must immediately provide to the Tribunal the names and addresses of the responsible clinician and any social supervisor in relation to the patient; and

(b) upon being notified by the Tribunal of an application or reference, the responsible clinician and any social supervisor named by the Secretary of State under this rule must send or deliver the documents specified in the relevant practice direction to the Tribunal so that they are received by the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event within 3 weeks after the notification.

(5) In proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983(2) (application in respect of an admission for assessment), on the earlier of receipt of the copy of the application or a request from the Tribunal, the responsible authority must immediately send or deliver to the Tribunal a copy of—

(a) the application for admission; and

(b) the written medical recommendations on which that application was founded;

and must as soon as practicable send or deliver to the Tribunal the documents specified in the relevant practice direction.

(6) If neither paragraph (4) nor (5) applies, the responsible authority must send or deliver the documents specified in the relevant practice direction to the Tribunal so that they are received by the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event within 3 weeks after the responsible authority made the reference or received a copy of the application or reference.

(7) If the patient is a restricted patient, a person or body providing a document to the Tribunal in accordance with paragraph (4)(b) or (6) must also send or deliver a copy of the document to the Secretary of State.

(7A) The Secretary of State must send the information specified in paragraph (7B) and any observations the Secretary of State wishes to make to the Tribunal as soon as practicable and in any event—

(a) in proceedings under section 75(1) of the Mental Health Act 1983(3) (reference concerning a conditionally discharged restricted patient who has been recalled to hospital), within 2 weeks after the Secretary of State received the documents sent or delivered in accordance with paragraph (7);

(b) otherwise, within 3 weeks after the Secretary of State received the documents sent or delivered in accordance with paragraph (7).

(7B) The information specified in this paragraph is—

(a) a summary of the offence or alleged offence that resulted in the patient being detained in hospital subject to a restriction order or, in the case of a patient subject to a restriction or limitation direction, that resulted in the patient being remanded in custody, kept in custody or sentenced to imprisonment;

(b) a record of any other criminal convictions or findings recorded against the patient;

(c) full details of the history of the patient’s liability to detention under the Mental Health Act 1983 since the restrictions were imposed;

(d) any further information in the Secretary of State’s possession that the Secretary of State considers relevant to the proceedings.]

(8) If the Secretary of State wishes to seek the approval of the Tribunal under section 86(3) of the Mental Health Act 1983 [(removal of alien patients)], the Secretary of State must refer the patient’s case to the Tribunal and the provisions of these Rules applicable to references under that Act apply to the proceedings.

[(9) The responsible authority must make records relating to the detention or treatment of the patient and any after-care services available to the Tribunal on request and the Tribunal or an appropriate member of the Tribunal may, before or at the hearing, examine and take notes and copies of such records for use in connection with the proceedings.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

• Tribunal rule 13(1A), together with the practice of allowing applications to be sent by email, mean that an application may be sent by email with a typed signature instead of a handwritten signature.

Rule 33

Notice of proceedings to interested persons

33. When the Tribunal receives the information required by rule 32(4), (5) or (6) (procedure in mental health cases) the Tribunal must give notice of the proceedings—

(a) where the patient is subject to the guardianship of a private guardian, to the guardian;

(b) where there is an extant order of the Court of Protection, to that court;

(c) subject to a patient with capacity to do so requesting otherwise, where any person other than the applicant is named by the authority as exercising the functions of the nearest relative, to that person; [and;

(d) where a health authority, Primary Care Trust, National Health Service trust or NHS foundation trust has a right to discharge the patient under the provisions of section 23(3) of the Mental Health Act 1983, to that authority or trust; and

(e) to any other person who, in the opinion of the Tribunal, should have an opportunity of being heard.

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 34

Medical examination of the patient

[34.—(1) Before a hearing to consider the disposal of a mental health case, an appropriate member of the Tribunal must, so far as practicable—

(a) examine the patient; and

(b) take such other steps as that member considers necessary to form an opinion of the patient’s mental condition.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1) that member may—

(a) examine the patient in private;

(b) examine records relating to the detention or treatment of the patient and any after-care services;

(c) take notes and copies of records for use in connection with the proceedings.

34.—(1) Where paragraph (2) applies, an appropriate member of the Tribunal must, so far as practicable, examine the patient in order to form an opinion of the patient’s mental condition, and may do so in private.

(2) This paragraph applies—

(a) in proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 (application in respect of an admission for assessment), unless the Tribunal is satisfied that the patient does not want such an examination;

(b) in any other case, if the patient or the patient’s representative has informed the Tribunal in writing, not less than 14 days before the hearing, that—

(i) the patient; or

(ii) if the patient lacks the capacity to make such a decision, the patient’s representative,

wishes there to be such an examination; or

(c) if the Tribunal has directed that there be such an examination.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Chapter 2: Hearings

Rule 35

No disposal of proceedings without a hearing [Restrictions on disposal of proceedings without a hearing]

35.—(1) The Tribunal must not dispose of proceedings without a hearing. [(1) Subject to the following paragraphs, the Tribunal must hold a hearing before making a decision which disposes of proceedings.]

(2) This rule does not apply to a decision under Part 5.

[(3) The Tribunal may make a decision on a reference under section 68 of the Mental Health Act 1983 (duty of managers of hospitals to refer cases to tribunal) without a hearing if the patient is a community patient aged 18 or over and either—

(a) the patient has stated in writing that the patient does not wish to attend or be represented at a hearing of the reference and the Tribunal is satisfied that the patient has the capacity to decide whether or not to make that decision; or

(b) the patient’s representative has stated in writing that the patient does not wish to attend or be represented at a hearing of the reference.

(4) The Tribunal may dispose of proceedings without a hearing under rule 8(3) (striking out a party’s case).]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 36

Entitlement to attend a hearing

36.—(1) Subject to rule 38(4) (exclusion of a person from a hearing), each party to proceedings is entitled to attend a hearing.

(2) Any person notified of the proceedings under rule 33 (notice of proceedings to interested persons) may—

(a) attend and take part in a hearing to such extent as the Tribunal considers proper; or

(b) provide written submissions to the Tribunal.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 37

Time and place of hearings

37.—(1) In proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 the hearing of the case must start within [7 10] days after the date on which the Tribunal received the application notice.

[(1) [Subject to paragraph (1A),] In proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 the hearing of the case must start within 7[10] days after the date on which the Tribunal received the application notice.

[(1A) If the Tribunal considers that it is not reasonably practicable for a hearing to start within the period specified in paragraph (1), the hearing must start within such time as the Tribunal may direct.]]

(2) In proceedings under section 75(1) of that Act, the hearing of the case must start at least 5 weeks but no more than 8 weeks after the date on which the Tribunal received the reference.

(3) The Tribunal must give reasonable notice of the time and place of the hearing (including any adjourned or postponed hearing), and any changes to the time and place of the hearing, to—

(a) each party entitled to attend a hearing; and

(b) any person who has been notified of the proceedings under rule 33 (notice of proceedings to interested persons).

(4) The period of notice under paragraph (3) must be at least [14 days21 days], except that—

(a) in proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 the period must be at least 3 working days; and

(b) the Tribunal may give shorter notice—

(i) with the parties’ consent; or

(ii) in urgent or exceptional circumstances.

Amendments

Last updated: 16/11/22. Legislation.gov.uk has not applied Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2022 yet.

Rule 38

Public and private hearings

38.—(1) All hearings must be held in private unless the Tribunal considers that it is in the interests of justice for the hearing to be held in public.

(2) If a hearing is held in public, the Tribunal may give a direction that part of the hearing is to be held in private.

(3) Where a hearing, or part of it, is to be held in private, the Tribunal may determine who is permitted to attend the hearing or part of it.

(4) The Tribunal may give a direction excluding from any hearing, or part of it—

(a) any person whose conduct the Tribunal considers is disrupting or is likely to disrupt the hearing;

(b) any person whose presence the Tribunal considers is likely to prevent another person from giving evidence or making submissions freely;

(c) any person who the Tribunal considers should be excluded in order to give effect to a direction under rule 14(2) (withholding information likely to cause harm); or

(d) any person where the purpose of the hearing would be defeated by the attendance of that person.

(5) The Tribunal may give a direction excluding a witness from a hearing until that witness gives evidence.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 39

Hearings in a party’s absence

39.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), if a party fails to attend a hearing the Tribunal may proceed with the hearing if the Tribunal—

(a) is satisfied that the party has been notified of the hearing or that reasonable steps have been taken to notify the party of the hearing; and

(b) considers that it is in the interests of justice to proceed with the hearing.

[(2) The Tribunal may not proceed with a hearing in the absence of the patient unless—

(a) the requirements of rule 34 (medical examination of the patient) have been satisfied; and

(b) the Tribunal is satisfied that—

(i) the patient has decided not to attend the hearing; or

(ii) the patient is unable to attend the hearing for reasons of ill health.

(2) The Tribunal may not proceed with a hearing that the patient has failed to attend unless the Tribunal is satisfied that—

(a) the patient—

(i) has decided not to attend the hearing; or

(ii) is unable to attend the hearing for reasons of ill health; and

(b) an examination under rule 34 (medical examination of the patient)—

(i) has been carried out; or

(ii) is impractical or unnecessary.]

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 40

Power to pay allowances

40. The Tribunal may pay allowances in respect of travelling expenses, subsistence and loss of earnings to—

(a) any person who attends a hearing as an applicant or a witness;

(b) a patient who attends a hearing otherwise than as the applicant or a witness; and

(c) any person (other than a legal representative) who attends as the representative of an applicant.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Chapter 3: Decisions

Rule 41

Decisions

41.—(1) The Tribunal may give a decision orally at a hearing.

(2) Subject to rule 14(2) (withholding information likely to cause harm), the Tribunal must provide to each party as soon as reasonably practicable after making [a decision which finally disposes of all issues in the proceedings (except a decision under Part 5) a decision (other than a decision under Part 5) which finally disposes of all issues in the proceedings or of a preliminary issue dealt with following a direction under rule 5(3)(e)]—

(a) a decision notice stating the Tribunal’s decision;

(b) written reasons for the decision; and

(c) notification of any right of appeal against the decision and the time within which, and the manner in which, such right of appeal may be exercised.

(3) The documents and information referred to in paragraph (2) must—

(a) in proceedings under section 66(1)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983, be provided at the hearing or sent within 3 working days after the hearing; and

(b) in other cases, be provided at the hearing or sent within 7 days after the hearing.

(4) The Tribunal may provide written reasons for any decision to which paragraph (2) does not apply.

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 42

Provisional decisions

42. For the purposes of this Part and Parts 1, 2 and 5, a decision with recommendations under section 72(3)(a) or (3A)(a) of the Mental Health Act 1983 or a deferred direction for conditional discharge under section 73(7) of that Act is a decision which disposes of the proceedings.

Footnote

Last checked: 16/11/22

Part 5: Correcting, setting aside, reviewing and appealing Tribunal decisions

Rule 43

Interpretation

43. In this Part—

“appeal” means the exercise of a right of appeal on a point of law under section 11 of the 2007 Act; and

“review” means the review of a decision by the Tribunal under section 9 of the 2007 Act.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 44

Clerical mistakes and accidental slips or omissions

44. The Tribunal may at any time correct any clerical mistake or other accidental slip or omission in a decision, direction or any document produced by it, by—

(a) sending notification of the amended decision or direction, or a copy of the amended document, to all parties; and

(b) making any necessary amendment to any information published in relation to the decision, direction or document.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 45

Setting aside a decision which disposes of proceedings

45.—(1) The Tribunal may set aside a decision which disposes of proceedings, or part of such a decision, and re-make the decision or the relevant part of it, if—

(a) the Tribunal considers that it is in the interests of justice to do so; and

(b) one or more of the conditions in paragraph (2) are satisfied.

(2) The conditions are—

(a) a document relating to the proceedings was not sent to, or was not received at an appropriate time by, a party or a party’s representative;

(b) a document relating to the proceedings was not sent to the Tribunal at an appropriate time;

(c) a party, or a party’s representative, was not present at a hearing related to the proceedings; or

(d) there has been some other procedural irregularity in the proceedings.

(3) A party applying for a decision, or part of a decision, to be set aside under paragraph (1) must make a written application to the Tribunal so that it is received no later than 28 days after the date on which the Tribunal sent notice of the decision to the party.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 46

Application for permission to appeal

46.—(1) A person seeking permission to appeal must make a written application to the Tribunal for permission to appeal.

(2) An application under paragraph (1) must be sent or delivered to the Tribunal so that it is received no later than 28 days after the latest of the dates that the Tribunal sends to the person making the application—

[(za) the relevant decision notice;]

(a) written reasons for the decision [, if the decision disposes of—

(i) all issues in the proceedings; or

(ii) subject to paragraph (2A), a preliminary issue dealt with following a direction under rule 5(3)(e)];

(b) notification of amended reasons for, or correction of, the decision following a review; or

(c) notification that an application for the decision to be set aside has been unsuccessful.

[(2A) The Tribunal may direct that the 28 days within which a party may send or deliver to the Tribunal an application for permission to appeal against a decision that disposes of a preliminary issue shall run from the date of the decision that disposes of all issues in the proceedings.]

(3) The date in paragraph (2)(c) applies only if the application for the decision to be set aside was made within the time stipulated in rule 45 (setting aside a decision which disposes of proceedings) or any extension of that time granted by the Tribunal.

(4) If the person seeking permission to appeal sends or delivers the application to the Tribunal later than the time required by paragraph (2) or by any extension of time under rule 5(3)(a) (power to extend time)—

(a) the application must include a request for an extension of time and the reason why the application was not provided in time; and

(b) unless the Tribunal extends time for the application under rule 5(3)(a) (power to extend time) the Tribunal must not admit the application.

(5) An application under paragraph (1) must—

(a) identify the decision of the Tribunal to which it relates;

(b) identify the alleged error or errors of law in the decision; and

(c) state the result the party making the application is seeking.

Amendments

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 47

Tribunal’s consideration of application for permission to appeal

47.—(1) On receiving an application for permission to appeal the Tribunal must first consider, taking into account the overriding objective in rule 2, whether to review the decision in accordance with rule 49 (review of a decision).

(2) If the Tribunal decides not to review the decision, or reviews the decision and decides to take no action in relation to the decision, or part of it, the Tribunal must consider whether to give permission to appeal in relation to the decision or that part of it.

(3) The Tribunal must send a record of its decision to the parties as soon as practicable.

(4) If the Tribunal refuses permission to appeal it must send with the record of its decision—

(a) a statement of its reasons for such refusal; and

(b) notification of the right to make an application to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal and the time within which, and the method by which, such application must be made.

(5) The Tribunal may give permission to appeal on limited grounds, but must comply with paragraph (4) in relation to any grounds on which it has refused permission.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 48

Application for review in special educational needs cases

48.—(1) This rule applies to decisions which dispose of proceedings in special educational needs cases, but not to decisions under this Part.

(2) A party may make a written application to the Tribunal for a review of a decision if circumstances relevant to the decision have changed since the decision was made.

(3) An application under paragraph (2) must be sent or delivered to the Tribunal so that it is received within 28 days after the date on which the Tribunal sent the decision notice recording the Tribunal’s decision to the party making the application.

(4) If a party sends or delivers an application to the Tribunal later than the time required by paragraph (3) or by any extension of time under rule 5(3)(a) (power to extend time)—

(a) the application must include a request for an extension of time and the reason why the application was not provided in time; and

(b) unless the Tribunal extends time for the application under rule 5(3)(a) (power to extend time) the Tribunal must not admit the application.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 49

Review of a decision

49.—(1) The Tribunal may only undertake a review of a decision—

(a) pursuant to rule 47(1) (review on an application for permission to appeal) if it is satisfied that there was an error of law in the decision; or

(b) pursuant to rule 48 (application for review in special educational needs cases).

(2) The Tribunal must notify the parties in writing of the outcome of any review, and of any right of appeal in relation to the outcome.

(3) If the Tribunal takes any action in relation to a decision following a review without first giving every party an opportunity to make representations, the notice under paragraph (2) must state that any party that did not have an opportunity to make representations may apply for such action to be set aside and for the decision to be reviewed again.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Rule 50

Power to treat an application as a different type of application

50. The Tribunal may treat an application for a decision to be corrected, set aside or reviewed, or for permission to appeal against a decision, as an application for any other one of those things.

Last checked: 16/11/22

Schedule: Time limits for providing application notices and responses

The schedule is not relevant to mental health cases and is not reproduced here. It was amended by the Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2009 with effect from 1/9/09, and Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2010 with effect from 29/11/10, substituted in its entirety by Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2011 with effect from 1/4/11.

Note

The Rules state that they come into force on 3/11/08; however, the Mental Health Tribunal's guidance says that the new Rules apply to applications received after 3/11/08 and, as far as possible, to appeals started before that date, provided that this would not disadvantage the appellant or the Authority.